1.
	
In trials evidence is introduced by the parties to satisfy the ________ assigned to them.
	a.	reasonable doubt standard
	b.	burdens of proof
	c.	burdens of persuasion
	d.	burden of production
	
2.
	
In criminal trials both the burden of production and the burden of persuasion rest on the ________.
	a.	prosecution
	b.	defense
	c.	arresting officer
	d.	jury
	
3.
	
Every essential element of the crime charged must be proved by the government beyond a ________.
	a.	reasonable conclusion
	b.	reasonable expectation
	c.	moral certainty
	d.	reasonable doubt
	
4.
	
As far back as the 17th century ________ recognized that a criminal defendant's guilt could never be known with absolute certainty.
	a.	Islamic law
	b.	European lawyers
	c.	English courts
	d.	American juries
	
5.
	
Mental elements that must be proved in crimes of violence include ________.
	a.	purpose, malice, criminal responsibility
	b.	intent, recklessness, criminal negligence
	c.	intent, responsibility, criminal negligence
	d.	recklessness, reason, criminal responsibility
	
6.
	
________ is that evidence that proves a fact in issue without any reasoning or inferences being drawn on the part of the fact finder.
	a.	Indirect evidence
	b.	Direct evidence
	c.	Circumstantial evidence
	d.	Physical evidence
	
7.
	
According to the U. S. Constitution, ________ is one of the few crimes prosecutors are limited to the use of direct evidence in proving the offense.
	a.	treason
	b.	tax evasion
	c.	murder
	d.	arms possession
	
8.
	
When investigating crimes, the questions of ________ should be used as guidelines.
	a.	who had the opportunity, desire, reason
	b.	who had the motive, means and ability
	c.	who had the means, method and motive
	d.	who had means, opportunity and motive
	
9.
	
An inference of guilt should not be drawn when a defendant or suspect asserts the ________ privilege against self-incrimination.
	a.	First Amendment
	b.	Fifth Amendment
	c.	Fourth Amendment
	d.	Seventh Amendment
	
10.
	
Proof of ________ is required in some sexual abuse statutes.
	a.	forcible compulsion
	b.	reasonable doubt
	c.	forcible permission
	d.	absolute compulsion
	
11.
	
Experts state that ________ people killed on streets and highways are killed by drunk or drugged drivers.
	a.	almost all
	b.	relatively few
	c.	four out of five
	d.	only some
	
12.
	
The corpus delicti of most crimes is ordinarily proved by ________.
	a.	witness collaboration
	b.	police interrogation
	c.	circumstantial evidence
	d.	direct evidence
	
13.
	
As a general rule corpus delicti must be established ________
	a.	beyond a reasonable doubt
	b.	before charges can be filed
	c.	by the arresting officer
	d.	with absolute certainty
	
14.
	
One of the most common grounds for appeal of a jury verdict is ________.
	a.	lack of reasonable doubt
	b.	inaccurate witness testimony
	c.	tampering of evidence
	d.	insufficiency of evidence
	
15.
	
________ are reasonable conclusions or deductions that juries or judges may draw from the evidence presented to them.
	a.	Assumptions
	b.	Inferences
	c.	Beliefs
	d.	References
	
16.
	
Circumstantial evidence is evidence that directly proves a fact in issue.
True
False
	
17.
	
Attempted murder and assault with intent to cause serious bodily harm or death are examples of crimes that require proof of the defendant's intent.
True
False
	
18.
	
Motive evidence is generally not required to be introduced by the prosecution
True
False
	
19.
	
A defendant with a crime must answer for only that crime at his trial.
True
False
	
20.
	
An intoxicated person, in the driver's seat of a parked car with a key in the ignition cannot be convicted of drunk driving.
True
False